Evidence of Airborne Coronavirus Transmission

 

In News

New research found evidence of the risk of airborne transmission of coronavirus.

In-Detail

• New study in Hyderabad and Mohali has found evidence that the risk of airborne transmission of the coronavirus is if maintained sufficient physical distance and avoiding prolonged interaction with an infected person.
• Initially, the cause of COVID-19 was thought to be transmitted through contact and droplets during speech, coughs, or sneezes.
• Later several studies reported transmission happened by sharing enclosed spaces like a closed room or vehicle.
• This showed that there is a possibility of virus travelling through air to greater distances than two or three feet which was considered as the zone of risk.
• The study was a joint collaboration between Scientists from the Centre of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), the Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB) in Hyderabad, and the Institute of Microbial Technology in Chandigarh.
• The study conducted in the two cities found that the risk of exposure in closed rooms through airborne transmission was higher and in normal circumstances the virus was not found more than four feet from the infected person.
• Researchers said that demarcating COVID and Non-COVID areas was a good strategy and masks were still very effective.

Findings of the Study

• Researchers collected 64 samples from six hospitals in different locations in two cities.
• Researchers also collected 17 samples from closed rooms which were occupied by the infected persons who were without masks and were asked to talk on the phone or with one another.
• From COVID areas of hospitals, four samples were taken and one from the closed room was to contain the virus.
• The strategy of separating COVID and Non-COVID care areas was effective as the virus could not be detected in the non-COVID areas.
• When the number of COVID patients was higher in the room, the positivity rate was found to be higher.
• The hospital experiments were that in three-fourths of the samples were positive and the person was 10 feet away from the nearest patient.
• This led to the conclusion that the long term presence of COVID positive patients in an enclosed space contributes to the significant increase in the aerosol burden in the air.
• In the neutral conditions, there was no particular airflow direction and the virus did not travel in the air.
• The virus could not pick up even at a distance of 4 feet when COVID positive patients spent a short time of 20 minutes in the room.
• This resulted in short term of exposure to COVID patients who may not put one at significant risk.
• The samples collected at a distance of 8 feet and 12 feet were also negative.

Recommendations

• The CSIR issued an advisory-
  • Public Transport
    • With adequate precautions, exposure to COVID-19 patients for a short duration does not increase the risk of contracting diseases.
    • The short duration travel in Metro or local trains and buses is safe.
    • For long-distance travel, the journey should be broken into two parts to minimize the risk.
  • Caution on Public Toilets
    • The potential to generate aerosols while flushing can stay longer in the air and it is known that the virus is excreted through stool.
    • Masks should always be kept while using public toilets.
    • The same toilet should be reused half an hour after the previous use and followed by adequate hand hygiene.
• Home and Hospitals
  • Even if the social distance is maintained, spending more time in closed spaces is a risk.
  • Less risk of infection is possible in open and ventilated spaces.
• If a person tests COVID-19 positive in a family, a home quarantine is advised and the person should be isolated in a separate room to prevent the infection from spreading.

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Best IAS Coaching Institute in Delhi - Classic IAS Academy

Every youth of the country, fresh from their graduation will surely think of trying their luck in civil service examination at least once. Such is the craze for the coveted Civil Services of India.

The service offers apart from a secure job, a chance to become a change maker and have an impact on society. The respect and honor the services draw is next to none. It is why the competition in the civil services examination is increasing year-on-year.

Also, the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) with its mandate to select the best of the best for Indian civil services is making it that much difficult for aspirants to crack the exam. Hence, the need for coaching for the exam.

Since time immemorial Delhi has been the hub for civil services coaching. One can get the best IAS coaching in Delhi. From well-established credible institutes to budding coaching centers, the city has all of it.

Of the many areas, three areas standout for providing top UPSC coaching in Delhi. They are the Old Rajender Nagar and Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, the established hubs and Bhikaji Cama Place which is fast becoming the next IAS hub.

These areas hold the topmost IAS institute in Delhi. They provide wholesome coaching right from the prelims stage to the interview stage. And, these are also the areas where every kind of study material related to civil services examination preparation is available.

The large community of aspirants in these areas imbibes a competitive spirit among the fresh aspirants. It also helps in exchange of ideas, views and enables the aspirants to have discussions for a better outcome in the examination.

The city is also the place where an aspirant can step aside from the humdrum of preparation once in a while and have leisure time for energizing oneself. It boasts of many historical places to visit and is culturally alive with many cultural events occurring across the length and breadth of the city.

For parents who wish to see their children become an IAS officer, Delhi is the best option for taking IAS coaching. The city is safe and is an educational hub.

So far, no other place in the country has been able to replace Delhi as the IAS coaching capital of the country. The lecturers and content curators available here are experienced, trained and are from the topmost Universities of the country. The infrastructural facilities and the environment of growth will augur well for the aspirants.

Thus, it is only an advantage for an aspirant to join a coaching centre here. It boosts the chances of cracking the exam and makes the dreams come true.

All About UPSC Exam Preparation: Notification, Application Procedure, Eligibility, Pattern, Recommend Books

UPSC conducts Civil Services Examination (CSE) to select the best of the best in the country for the post of IAS. It is considered as one of the toughest exams in the world.

The strength of a nation depends on how effectively it administers itself. For India, this has been the key strength, thanks to its many Indian Administration Service (IAS) officers.

UPSC Exam Preparation

To become such officers of key importance is not an easy task. One has to pass through the grueling examination process of the Union Public Services Commission (UPSC).

What are the Stages of UPSC CSE Exam Pattern?

The CSE or commonly called IAS exam pattern involves three stages. The first stage is the Preliminary stage.

Stages of UPSC CSE Exam

This stage is generally known as the elimination stage where the majority of the applicants for the exam are eliminated. The examination consists of two papers. Paper I is the General Studies Paper and Paper II is the Civil Services Aptitude Test (CSAT). Both the papers consist of Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs). Eligibility for the next stage is only after crossing the cut-off marks laid down by the Commission in Paper I and getting qualifying marks in the second paper.

The next stage is known as the Mains Examination. This is a descriptive type. There are a total of nine papers including two language papers which are qualifying in nature. Selection to the next stage is based on merit. Here, the analytical ability of the candidate, their capacity to be innovative, their understanding of the detail, their ability to connect the dots, etc., are tested.

The final stage is the Interview Stage where candidates who qualified Mains are interviewed by the members of the UPSC Commission. By aggregating the marks from Mains and Interview, the final selection list is released by the Commission. Based on one's rank and category, IAS posts are allocated.

The eligibility Limit of UPSC Civil Services Exam.

UPSC notification clearly mentions the eligibility for the exam. The lower age limit for all category candidates is 21 years as of 1st August. The upper age limit for general category candidates is 32 years. For OBC, it is 35 and 37 years for SC and ST candidates.

As for the number of attempts one can give for the exam are - six for general category candidates, 9 for OBC candidates and for SC/ST candidates, the attempts are unlimited till the age of 37 years.

The minimum educational qualification for the exam is graduation. Even students in their final year can appear for the exam.

Top 10 Recommended Books for UPSC/IAS Examination Preparation?

IAS Exam needs a vast understanding of day-to-day issues and knowledge on diverse topics. To acquire such knowledge, candidates have to read a lot of books.

There are some recommended books and magazines that a candidate preparing for CSE should not miss. They include:

•         NCERT Books
•         Indian Polity by Laxmikant
•         Introduction to the Constitution of India by D.D. Basu
•         Indian Struggle for Independence by Bipin Chandra
•         Certificate Physical and Human Geography - Goh Cheng Leong
•         Economic Survey
•         India Year Book
•         Yojana Monthly Magazine
•         Kurukshetra Monthly Magazine
•         Economic and Political Weekly

Apart from all these, the most important source for acquiring the necessary information for the exam is a newspaper. Subscribing to a good newspaper is thus essential.

What is Application Procedure of UPSC/IAS Examination?

Every year in February, UPSC releases the notification for the Civil Services Examination. After the release of notification, the application process for the examination begins. The application procedure is entirely done online and a fee of Rs. 100/- is charged (which is exempt for SC/ST/Women candidates).

Why IAS Mock Test Services Important?

The old saying 'Practice Makes Man Perfect' is absolutely true in the case of IAS examination. The vast knowledge one acquires during the preparation process needs to be tested. It is here Mock Tests are important.

For both Prelims and Mains, IAS mock test series play a key role in getting into service or not getting it. They enable the candidate to strategize on time management, answering technique, style of writing, etc. They help the candidates to identify their weak and problematic areas and charts a course correction.

Why should you Join IAS Coaching in Delhi and How It Helps To Crack UPSC Civil Service Examination

UPSC CSE, is in essence, an examination selecting a generalist candidate as an IAS officer. Here, generalist means one who is aware of many things.

With CSE aspirants graduating from certain discipline lack the knowledge of other disciplines. Also, many are unaware of the day-to-day happenings that need to be understood for this exam. Many others find it difficult to cover the vast syllabus of the exam.

The solution for all these is taking coaching for the exam. IAS coaching enables a candidate to stay focused on the syllabus and not deviate, be prepared for the exam in less time, making one understand the various aspects with clarity, and finally helping to achieve success in cracking the exam.

On the question of 'Why join IAS coaching in Delhi?', here is the answer. Delhi has been the hub of IAS Coaching for a very long time and it still continues to be the hub.

The availability of numerous coaching institutes for all optional subjects and general studies, the quality of teaching, availability of study resources, the IAS aspirant community, infrastructural facilities, the competitive atmosphere etc makes the capital city the ultimate destination for IAS coaching.

Why Should you Join Classic IAS Academy

Classic IAS Academy is at the forefront of providing best quality IAS Coaching in Delhi. The Academy helps the aspirants to tap their innate analytical power to become successful in the exam.

Classic IAS Academy

Course Details

Do you hold
the dream to make a positive contribution to India’s development? So Join
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Free Online Test Series from Classic IAS Academy (Updated 2019)

The preparation phase for IAS 2019 has begun. The first hurdle is the preliminary examination. Though the exam is far away, it is never late to sort out issues now than before the actual exam.

Online IAS Prelims Test Series 2019

The best strategy to analyse, understand and avoid costly mistakes is by joining a test series. Remember, the preparation phase is a long drawn process, why not join a test series to improve your chances of success.

As the matters are, upsc prelims test series available in the market are very costly. Not all can access them and get a detailed analysis of their performance. It is why Classic IAS Academy is conducting OnlineIAS Prelims Test Series 2019 absolutely free of cost.

What Can You Expect..

• Our free IAS prelims test series has no terms and conditions and no hidden costs attached. Just enroll and take the test.
• You can access 10 tests (8 Sectional and 2 Comprehensive) that cover each and every aspect of the prelims syllabus.
• Each test consists of 100 questions and explanations to them wherever needed.
• At the end of the test, get your performance analysis report in real time.
• An all India rank based on your performance shows where you stand in the competition.
• Compare your own performances in various tests.
• At the end of the series, you can access the tests for revision.

   How Will You Benefit..

Our IAS Test Series 2019 will benefit in the following ways:

• Understanding your preparation with actual performance.
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Through this free online test series, we endeavour to see you utilising the opportunity to the fullest. Become successful in the exam and ultimately achieve your dream job.

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